Culture and disease Essay

Diabetes is a common chronic sickness whereby countercurrent glucose or sugar levels in the blood argon too eminenter(prenominal). Glucose in the main comes from foods that are consumed and by the economic aid of insulin horm adept they sens get into the ashes cells to provide energy. Diabetes is classified into two casings whereby in type 1 diabetes the organic structure is unable to produce insulin whereby with type two the body does non manufacture insulin or use up it well in the body. Therefore, when body lacks complete insulin to transfigure sugar into energy, the sugars stay in the blood and this leads to the complaint stop of diabetes.The two common types of diabetes are type 1 and type II diabetes. The measure up in general affects the old mass due(p) to lack of puzzle out and piteous take habits. Within the Italian community, the approximately common condition presented is diabetes mellitus besides unlike contrastive places in Italy it affects children between the ages of 0-14. Diabetes mellitus authorizes when the pancreases is not capable of producing enough insulin which is meant for converting sugar into energy. When the cells are not responding well to the insulin which is produced a unsoundness condition behind arise.This leads to lack of absorption of glucose into the cell of the body and hence high levels of glucose are found in blood. The complaint manifest itself in variant symptoms such as frequent urination, leathery weigh loss, hunger and ebullient thirst. The disease bath be say-soled by exercising regularly and eating well balanced pabulum and avoiding a lot of sugary meals. teach can be treated by administration of insulin so as to convert the unnecessary sugar in the blood to energy so that it can be habituated by the body cell.This condition in severe state it can cause renal failure, heart disease, blindness, and separatrix or limb amputation. There is rather a high prevalence rate of di abetes in Italy which is about 3-4% of its state and it increases with age. Most of them have type II which is diabetes mellitus and it occurs principally at the onset of adulthood. Agent or errhine agent of diabetes mellitus in Italy and elsewhere are not known since the disease occurs when the body can not produce insulin properly. Type I primarily occurs in young mass whereby islet of langerharn cells stops producing insulin completely.In the invoice by John (2002), diabetes can as well arise as a yield of auto immune problem whereby the body turns against its own cells consequently damaging them and rendering important processes to take place. Type II mainly affects the old people but its besides gaining roots in younger generation due to lifestyle i. e. As a sequel of unworthy diet and sedentary lifestyle. In this type, the body is unable to utilize insulin in converting blood glucose levels to energy. Other causes of diabetes includes- Obesity- This mainly occurs as a result of metabolic syndrome. It occurs as a result of extra energy. Diabetes can withal be ca apply by immoderate chronic stress due to excessive utilization of thoughts. Therefore, the best way to overcome all these causes is by nourishment a whole lifestyle exercising regularly and being alert on what you are eating. Diabetes mellitus can also result due to heritable factor whereby the disease is passed through the generation on families. It can also result due to the environmental factors of the surrounding. In genetical diabetes, these individuals have a common genetic marker Type I can occur as a result of vital infection or separate microorganism which damages the islet of langerharns cells in the pancreas.Type II is mainly associated with old age, obesity and genetic factors. Italian population is said to be to a greater extent vulnerable to diabetes than the rest of the European countries. This is much contributed by their lifestyle and the diet they utilize. One thing in Italy is that al roughly half of its population are said to be overweight and they are clinically time-tested and proved to be rotund. Obese is one of the factors that caused diabetes. Their stare of obese prevents them from act uponing and living normal life due to the bulkiness of their bodies.Failure to work and live normal life immobiliseed them from obtaining financial help from state to help them fight the condition. There state of obesity is also contributed by their diet since they mainly consume fatty foods which are rich in carbohydrates and therefore they end up accumulating a lot of energy which is not use in their bodies leading to obesity (James, Kelly, 2007) PR There are instead a occur of environmental factors which contributes to diabetes. One major environmental cause of diabetes is exertion organic pollution in the environment and insulin resistance.Around 1940, Italian was quite persistent in the use of DDP pesticide which was quite dangerou s to crops for consumption and also human. Even after it was banned it remained in the environment causing more harm to human. They slowly biodegrade and at last enter into the food chain which is finally consumed by human. Therefore, high levels of persistence organic pollutants cause types II diabetes. environmental contaminant which mainly causes diabetes acts through estrogen receptors which results to disruption of endocrine by the chemicals which are incorporated in pollutants.Due to the industrial activities of Italy these pollutants are quite m any(prenominal) within the environment and have resulted to diabetes type II since they hinder utilization of insulin by the cells. The mode of transmission of diabetes underlies some of difference in concordance rate. In Italy one of the major transmission modes is through genetic transmission which is mainly from substantial differences in preference rate of the disease which is nighly present in the same ethnic group and to thos e people who are under similar environmental burden.Apart from genetic transmission, diabetes can posses the mode of inherited transmission. This is also genetically connected whereby phenotype and pathophysiological levels indicates that genetic compounds are likely to be heterogeneous. Different mode of transmission of diabetes can be evidenced in discrete families and it can act as an boilersuit mode of inheritance. Therefore, diabetes is mainly transmitted through genetic since its a hereditary disorder and can be passed from one generation to other within the same family (altha, Edgren, 2007) PR.There are quite a number of control methods which are used to control diabetes in Italy. These modes of control can be used to minimize the risk of infection in most prone areas of Italy. The first main control measure is by ensuring that the overcompensate diet is consumed foods with high energy context should be avoided such as consumption of a lot of carbohydrates in diet, sugary t hings, snacks fatty foods, potatoes and other meals which have a lot of energy. These foods can lead to obesity which is one of the major causes of diabetes.Therefore if they are avoided the risk of one being obese is focusd which consequently reduce the prevalence rate of acquiring diabetes. some other control measure which needs to be taken into account and which is little practiced in Italy is exercising regularly. Regular exercise helps to burn excess fats and energy which makes ones body physically fit. In Italy due to most of the people being overweight they do not exercise regularly and this makes their bodies to retain a lot of energy and therefore they perform prone to infection. Regular exercise therefore can be used as a control measure in preventing diabetes among the Italians.Exercising healthy lifestyles is also another thing that can help in the control of diabetes this is mostly encouraged in those families who have a life narration of diabetes since by doing so they minimize the risks of inheriting disease from their relatives. Government of Italy can also come in to ensure that the danger posed to its citizens of acquitting diabetes as a result of harmful environmental effects like the use of DDP. Therefore, government should ban the use of such chemicals which are harmful to human life and also to ecosystem at large.The main interference methods used for lot and maintaining diabetes at minimum are change in diet, administration of oral medicine, and in other cases daily injection or insulin or Byetta are mainly used to improve insulin concentration in the blood so that it can convert excess glucose in the blood to energy so that it can be utilized by the cells. Apart from these medicines in most of the routine hospitals in Italy they use acarbose and metform which are known to reduce the disease prevalence in the country by increasing the levels of insulin in the blood.They also use sulfonylurea and combination of different drugs in t reating diabetes. These form of treatment resulted to different complication among those who were treated. These complications ranged from mild to severe complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, coronary artery disease, and nephropathy and obstatic arteriopathy of lower limbs. This showed that the medication had vast unfavourable effect on the health of patient which did not cure the disease but brought about more complication to patients.In determining the mixer and cultural influences of diabetes in Italy, anthropological methodology was employed which signified that- They came up with slipway of breaking the social network providing support of young people and this contrasted greatly with the ideas of health cares that held conferences, meeting and social support networks. Diabetes patients were excluded at any age without minding about their development they were categorized by age and not individual ability and preference. People were encouraged to take care of themselves at an early age which ensured that they were separated from the family and peer.According to Italian population, they considered the type of treatment offered inconvenient and mostly since it was associated with so many side effects to most of the patient who treatment was administered to and acted well on a very pocketable percentage of patients. Therefore, patients in Italy do not believe that there is impelling medication for diabetes and hence they opt for just natural ways of bent the diseases i. e. by use of diet exercising. Therefore since statistics shows that there is quite high prevalence rate of diabetes in Italy as a result of poor diet and lack of exercise.The country need to come up with ways of minimizing this incidence rate since their treatment methods are not quite strong and they end up causing move harm to patients. Reference Altha Robert, Edgren knowingness R, (2007), The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, (vol 5) Jacqueline L. Longe Ed 3 Detroit, Gale on line update. Anne Dornhorst Gary Frost, Robert Mosses, (2003), Nutritional counseling of Diabetes Mellitus, New York John Willey and Son. James Enger, Kelly, (July-August 2007), Dangerous diabetes obesity connections on How to reduce your Risks now, vibrant life 6-11.